NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS JAN 30 2023 MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK U.S. COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT LANG GAO, No. 16-71339 Petitioner, Agency No. A201-042-842 v. MEMORANDUM* MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney General, Respondent. On Petition for Review of an Order of the Board of Immigration Appeals Submitted January 26, 2023** San Francisco, California Before: GOULD, RAWLINSON, and BRESS, Circuit Judges. Lang Gao, a citizen of China, petitions for review of a Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) decision dismissing his appeal of an Immigration Judge (IJ) order denying his applications for asylum, withholding of removal, and protection under the Convention Against Torture (CAT). We review the BIA’s decision for * This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3. ** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2). substantial evidence. Sharma v. Garland, 9 F.4th 1052, 1060, 1066 (9th Cir. 2021). “Under this standard, we must uphold the agency determination unless the evidence compels a contrary conclusion.” Duran-Rodriguez v. Barr, 918 F.3d 1025, 1028 (9th Cir. 2019). We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252 and deny the petition. 1. Substantial evidence supports the denial of asylum and withholding of removal. To be eligible for asylum, a petitioner must demonstrate a “likelihood of ‘persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.’” Sharma, 9 F.4th at 1059 (quoting 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(42)(A)). To establish eligibility for withholding of removal, the petitioner must show a “clear probability” of such harm. Id. The IJ directed Gao to provide reasonably available corroborating evidence of his account, and Gao failed to do so. See Jie Shi Liu v. Sessions, 891 F.3d 834, 839 (9th Cir. 2018) (noting that when an IJ gives notice that corroborating evidence is required “and the petitioner then provides no meaningful corroboration or an explanation for its absence, the IJ may deny the application for asylum”). Gao failed to challenge this issue before the BIA, or this court. The issue is thus waived and unexhausted, and we lack jurisdiction to consider it. See Diego v. Sessions, 857 F.3d 1005, 1015 n.4 (9th Cir. 2017) (holding that an issue not “specifically and distinctly argued and raised” in an opening brief is waived (quotation omitted)); Sola v. 2 Holder, 720 F.3d 1134, 1135 (9th Cir. 2013) (“A petitioner’s failure to raise an issue before the BIA generally constitutes a failure to exhaust, thus depriving this court of jurisdiction to consider the issue.”). Regardless, substantial evidence supports the BIA’s alternative determination that Gao did not establish past persecution or a well-founded fear of future persecution. Persecution “is an extreme concept that means something considerably more than discrimination or harassment.” Sharma, 9 F.4th at 1060 (quoting Donchev v. Mukasey, 553 F.3d 1206, 1213 (9th Cir. 2009)). Gao was arrested and beaten by authorities on …
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