NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS JUL 12 2023 MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK U.S. COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT ZENAIDA MARTINEZ No. 22-923 SANDOVAL; MARIA GUADALUPE Agency Nos. FLORENTINO MARTINEZ, A208-920-038 A208-920-039 Petitioners, v. MEMORANDUM* MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney General, Respondent. On Petition for Review of an Order of the Board of Immigration Appeals Submitted July 10, 2023** San Francisco, California Before: BEA, BENNETT, and H.A. THOMAS, Circuit Judges. Zenaida Martinez Sandoval (“Sandoval”) and her daughter, Maria Guadalupe Florentino Martinez (“Martinez”), natives and citizens of Mexico, petition for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) order upholding the immigration judge’s (“IJ”) denial of asylum, withholding of * This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3. ** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2). removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”).1 The BIA affirmed the denial of asylum and withholding of removal based on Sandoval’s lack of credibility. As to the CAT claim, the BIA determined that petitioners had waived it. We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252, and we deny the petition. We review both the IJ’s and BIA’s decisions because the BIA cited Matter of Burbano, 20 I. & N. Dec. 872 (BIA 1994), and also provided its own analysis. See Posos-Sanchez v. Garland, 3 F.4th 1176, 1182 (9th Cir. 2021). Adverse credibility findings are subject to the deferential substantial evidence standard of review. See Ruiz-Colmenares v. Garland, 25 F.4th 742, 748 (9th Cir. 2022). The IJ and BIA found Sandoval not credible based on three material omissions, alterations, and inconsistencies. See Iman v. Barr, 972 F.3d 1058, 1068 (9th Cir. 2020) (“[O]missions are probative of credibility to the extent that later disclosures, if credited, would bolster an earlier, and typically weaker, asylum application.”); Zamanov v. Holder, 649 F.3d 969, 973 (9th Cir. 2011) (“Material alterations in the applicant’s account of persecution are sufficient to support an adverse credibility finding.”); Singh v. Holder, 638 F.3d 1264, 1270 (9th Cir. 2011) (“If the person cannot tell substantially the same story twice in 1 Sandoval is the lead petitioner, and Martinez’s claims rest entirely on the facts of Sandoval’s claims. Only Sandoval testified at the merits hearing before the IJ. 2 22-923 substantially the same way, that suggests a likelihood that the story is false.”). First, Sandoval testified before the IJ that she feared returning to Mexico because the mayor of her town personally threatened to kill her and Martinez. But Sandoval failed to previously mention this crucial information throughout the administrative proceedings. She failed to disclose the mayor’s threats during her initial sworn statement given at the United States border (“sworn statement”). Although her declaration attached to her asylum application noted that the mayor was associated with the group that had threatened her, neither the application nor the declaration alleged that the mayor had personally threatened her or …
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